What is our primary use case?
My main use case for Kali Linux is whenever there's an open-source or free tool to use with an API and Python that I need to utilize. I prefer Kali Linux because it has a Linux environment and numerous open-source tools that work and are compatible with Kali Linux.
A specific example of how I've used Kali Linux in my work is that it has many offensive security tools. The last time I used it was when I was preparing for my OSWA exam, where I used the terminal extensively to probe the labs provided to me in the OSWA certification exam.
I also use Kali Linux as my go-to operating system. My main operating system on my personal laptop is Kali Linux, and for my office use case, I have Kali Linux set up in a VM.
What is most valuable?
The best features Kali Linux offers include the ability to customize everything and anything, from the terminal to the preferences to getting the environment set up and storing everything as I would want, and setting preferences accordingly.
When I say customizing everything, I customize my tools that run using the CLI, such as the terminal itself. I usually write a script that would automate running four or five tools simultaneously. For example, I would provide input for a first tool, and the output from the first tool would be the input for the second tool, and so forth. The output from the second tool would be the input for the third tool, and similarly, I have a script written that combines three or four tools and gives me the end result exactly the way I want it or in the particular format that I need.
A unique and really helpful feature of Kali Linux, compared to other operating systems, is that many of the offensive security tools are already pre-configured and pre-installed. I do not have to deal with a lot of hassle. I just boot up the operating system and I'm ready to go. The software is already loaded in the operating system.
On a personal level, I have done a significant amount of learning, experimentation, and hands-on practice with Kali Linux.
What needs improvement?
I think Kali Linux can be improved because it is not a beginner-friendly operating system. A basic hands-on guide for anyone who installs the operating system would be beneficial, so that they become acclimated to the operating system and understand the file directory structure. That could be a good starting point for Kali Linux.
In terms of needed improvements, I have found that when downloading Kali Linux from kali.org, we get the ISO file. However, when downloading a virtual machine image, such as a VMware image or VirtualBox image, I was unable to directly use it through VMware or VirtualBox. I think Kali Linux needs to provide a better image that would be compatible with running on these platforms. Additionally, the versions that are available, or the latest version whenever it is released, are not very stable. I generally prefer using an older version rather than the latest version of Kali Linux.
For how long have I used the solution?
I have been using Kali Linux for four or five years.
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What do I think about the stability of the solution?
Kali Linux is stable for my use cases, though not the latest version. If you downgrade two or three versions from the latest, you are good to go.
What do I think about the scalability of the solution?
Regarding the scalability of Kali Linux for my work and projects, whenever I was conducting brute force attacks and provided more than two or three million lines of payload, the system would freeze. However, I believed this was a hardware fault rather than a software issue, though I am not entirely certain about this limitation.
How are customer service and support?
I have not used the customer support for Kali Linux, but I have searched extensively on Stack Overflow and Kali forums. That was very helpful because most of the issues I faced were already mentioned in one of those forums, and I was able to solve the problems I was experiencing.
Which solution did I use previously and why did I switch?
Before Kali Linux, I was using a Debian operating system and I also tried Parrot OS. I found Parrot OS a little bit flashy. Kali Linux is more calm and composed. That is why I switched to Kali Linux. I still appreciate Debian, but it does not have the tools. If I'm getting a fresh operating system, I would still prefer Kali Linux.
What was our ROI?
I would say I have seen a return on investment in time saved, for sure. For metrics, I do not find any metrics apart from the learning that I have done.
What's my experience with pricing, setup cost, and licensing?
My experience with pricing, setup cost, and licensing for Kali Linux is that this is not for commercial use. This is for personal use that I have done. The pricing, setup cost, and licensing were all nil for me. I installed the operating system from kali.org and ran it on a personal machine and in a VM on my professional machine.
Which other solutions did I evaluate?
I did not evaluate other options before choosing Kali Linux. I already knew about it.
What other advice do I have?
Kali Linux has helped me with my learning and experimentation by allowing me to do many CTFs when I was learning to go into the offensive security side or doing penetration testing. There, I learned many probing attacks, such as HTTP probe, and then there is the Gitrob tool. Many of the offensive security tools that I used were in Kali Linux. The best part is automating it through the CLI. The CLI is the one feature that I have used the most in Kali Linux.
The most significant benefits I have experienced since using Kali Linux for my personal or professional work are the hands-on capabilities that we use on the tools at every stage of probing a website. This includes everything from reconnaissance to active attacks, passive attacks, and then trying to use Burp Suite, which is a proxy tool. That is where I find it the most useful. Getting accustomed to the terminal gives you a different feeling than using the GUI.
Kali Linux stands out compared to other operating systems I have used for security work because it is a specific distribution of Linux that has all the required tools pre-loaded and configured. Python is already configured with the correct path variable, Java is installed already, and Go is pre-loaded. These are features that every offensive security software or operating system needs. If I'm using Windows and trying to attack a website, I have to manually install those programming languages that I will be writing scripts on, and then declare the path variables. That makes it more tedious than how Kali Linux works. Additionally, I can run multiple threads in Kali Linux, and the operating system is still able to support the performance, compared to Windows, which will lag or freeze if given multiple processes to run.
My advice for others looking into using Kali Linux is to first understand the basics of Linux, then understand how the Linux terminal works, and only after that should you dive into Kali Linux. If Kali Linux is the first operating system you are using in a Linux environment, you might become confused. Many of the features do not have a graphical user interface, so you will need to be more accustomed to the terminal.
Kali Linux is a great operating system. I appreciate it because it offers a diverse range of tools. I do not think I have ever used all the tools that are pre-provided in the operating system. An option to choose what different kinds of attacks you are using so you can streamline the software that you are downloading would be beneficial. If I need something for an active attack, that would be a different stream of tools that should be pre-loaded, compared to passive kinds of attacks. That could be a major upgrade or option for choosing at the time of download. You could get a lightweight operating system, and if needed, you can always download those tools later. Overall, I found this product to be valuable for my security work.
Which deployment model are you using for this solution?
On-premises
Disclosure: My company does not have a business relationship with this vendor other than being a customer.